Canned Cherries

 This past spring I was in canning mode and wanted to try cherries. My primary motivation was to be able to make a completely homemade cherry pie during the holidays. I used big plump bing cherries. I know ... I know ... I violated some kind of culinary law because I didn't use tart or sour cherries .... so what!

  The toughest part of the whole ordeal was pitting the cherries, but what can you do about it .. they have to come out. I got a cherry pitter from my local cooking gadget store and went to town. I started with about 20 lbs of cherries and it took me about 1.5 hours to get through them all. I washed them real good before starting and after I was done pitting. The rest is cake (or pie as it were).

Canned Cherries in Simple Syrup (7 quarts)

20 lbs cherries, pitted (about 3 lbs per quart)

10 c water

10 c sugar

  Combine equal parts water and sugar to form the simple syrup (also known as heavy syrup) in a large sauce pan on med high heat. Stir until sugar is dissolved. Just before the liquid boils turn the heat down to med low to stay hot. Fill your jars with cherries to the shoulder leaving at least an inch head room. Ladle hot syrup in to each jar covering cherries and leaving 1/2 inch head space. Release any air bubbles in the jar. Adjust two-piece canning lids. Process pints and quarts for 25 minutes in a boiling-water canner. Enjoy!

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Strawberry-Rhubarb Jam

Strawberry-Rhubarb Jam (about 6 half-pints)
2 c strawberries, roughly chopped
2 c rhubarb, chopped
1/4 c lemon juice
5 1/2 c sugar
1 c homemade pectin (recipe here)

Combine berries, rhubarb, pectin and lemon juice in a large sauce pan. Bring to a boil. Add sugar, stirring until dissolved. Bring to a boil. Boil hard for 1 minute stirring constantly. Skim foam if necessary. Ladle into hot sterilized canning jars leaving 1/4 inch head space. Adjust two-piece canning lids. Process 10 minutes in a boiling-water canner. Enjoy

Blueberry Jam

Blueberry Jam (about 6 half-pints)

4 1/2 c blueberries, roughly chopped
1/4 c lemon juice
5 c sugar
1 c homemade pectin (recipe here)

Combine berries, pectin and lemon juice in a large sauce pan. Bring to a boil. Add sugar, stirring until dissolved. Bring to a boil. Boil hard for 1 minute stirring constantly. Skim foam if necessary. Ladle into hot sterilized canning jars leaving 1/4 inch head space. Adjust two-piece canning lids. Process 15 minutes in a boiling-water canner. Enjoy!

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Strawberry Jam

Strawberry Jam (about 8 half-pints)
2 qts strawberries, roughly chopped
1/4 c lemon juice
7 c sugar
1 c homemade pectin (recipe here)

Crush chopped strawberries. Combine berries, pectin and lemon juice in a large sauce pan. Bring to a boil. Add sugar, stirring until dissolved. Bring to a boil. Boil hard for 1 minute stirring constantly. Skim foam if necessary. Ladle into hot sterilized canning jars leaving 1/4 inch head space. Adjust  two-piece canning lids. Process 10 minutes in a boiling-water canner. Enjoy!

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Homemade Pectin

  Pectin gives jellies and jams structure so they don't run all over the place. I don't mind the structure and I actually prefer it, but I do mind the preservatives that many of the packaged pectins seem to have not to mention the price. This year I decided to make my own pectin. Lo and behold, I am not the only one to ever think of it. Guess what? This is how they used to do it before you could buy it in a box or a tube! Imagine that!

  You need a bunch of green, unripened apples. When I say green apples I don't mean Granny Smith apples, I mean apple that are not ripe yet regardless of what color they will turn when they are ripe. It turns out green unripened apples are very high in natural pectin. I was able to get my apples from an old tree where I work that almost nobody even realizes is there. If you don't have your own orchard or know someone that does, chances are you can find an apple tree somewhere nearby that is in need of attention. And since it is early in the season when these apple are harvested, they are still in pretty good shape before the insects get hold of them later in the summer.

  The trick is to get the pectin concentrated and in a form you can add to your jelly and jam recipes. I washed the apples good, chopped them up in my food processor and cooked them down in the biggest pot I have. Drained the liquid off and canned it for later use. The process I used is located here. I have also reproduced the text found at this link below in case the original is ever deleted.

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HOMEMADE PECTIN STOCK


From Harriet Fasenfest, Co-owner, Preserve

1. Put 3-4 pounds chopped apples in a non-reactive pan. Add enough water to barely cover apples and bring to a boil. Lower temperature immediately and let simmer until soft, approximately 20-30 minutes.

2. Pour apples and liquid through a fine sieve into a second pot. Without stirring, let this liquid drain overnight.

3. Bring liquid to a boil and cook until it has reduced to half its original volume.

4. Test pectin content (see instructions below) and continue to cook if necessary.

5. Once liquid pectin reaches the desired strength, store it in the fridge or freezer.

Testing the Pectin Level

I admit to loving this part. To determine the amount of pectin in your liquid, put 1 teaspoon of the liquid on a plate and add 2 tablespoons of rubbing alcohol to the mix. Swirl the mixture around until clots start to form. It will amaze you, but it will happen: You will know the strength of the pectin by the size of the clots.

You want a fairly large viscous clot to indicate strong pectin. Weak pectin will show up as several small, scattered clumps. If that is the case, bring the liquid back to a boil and reduce further. And toss out the test batch-you don't want to return that to the pot. Once the pectin reaches the desired strength, refrigerate, freeze, or can it until you make jam. It will keep in the fridge for up to one week.

Using Homemade Pectin

As a general guide, 2/3 cup of liquid pectin is enough to set 4 cups of low-pectin prepared fruit or fruit juice. Here again, you have room for whimsy. If you use strawberries (low in pectin) alone, use the full amount of liquid pectin. If you throw in a few currants (high in pectin) with the strawberries, use less liquid pectin. If you use half currants and half strawberries, you might not need any liquid pectin at all.

In the end, willingness to learn by trial and error and to love whatever the outcome is what will win the day.

Posted by Deborah Kane on March 2, 2007 11:55 AM
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Bread and Butter Cauliflower

 

  Somehow this recipe never made the blog last fall, but now that we are on the last jar and wish we had more it certainly deserves mentioning. We acquired a lot of cauliflower in the fall with every intention of canning all kinds of items, but we just got plain canned-out and this was the only canning item we made with cauliflower. We used Aunt Lib's bread and butter pickle recipe and it is definitely on the canning list again this year.

Bread and Butter Cauliflower (about 4 quarts)
4 qts cauliflower, cut into florets (about 2-3 med heads)
2 medium onions, sliced thin
3 c white vinegar
4-5 c sugar
1 1/4 tsp turmeric
1 tsp celery seed
2 tsp whole mustard seed

1/2 c canning salt for cauliflower/onion prep
ice for cauliflower/onion prep

  Blanch cauliflower for 5 minutes. Put the cauliflower and onion slices in a large bowl, cover with canning salt and ice. Let sit at least an hour. Rinse the cauliflower and onions well to get all the salt off. Combine vinegar, sugar, turmeric, celery seed and mustard seed into a pot. Bring to a boil. Pack warm jars with the cauliflower and onions. Split the liquid between jars. The liquid should completely cover the cauliflower. Leave 1/4 inch of head space. Adjust two-piece caps. Process 15 minutes in a boiling-water canner or 5-10 minutes in a pressure canner at 10 psi. Enjoy!

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Vegetable Soup

  Vegetable soup is another one of those foods that is synonymous with the cooler weather of fall. Making the soup also gives us a way to use up all of last year's frozen vegetables that didn't get used up as well as any new fresh vegetables that are available. Usually around the cabbage harvest is when we make our soup, so for our location it is around mid October or so. This is definitely one of our comfort foods and it fills the house with a smell that is so nice to walk in to. This is not necessarily a definitive recipe so to speak, as with many of our recipes it is more of a guide and we use whatever we have available.

Vegetable Soup (Makes about 12 quarts)

2 quarts vegetable stock

2 28 oz cans crushed tomatoes with basil

3 quarts frozen crushed tomatoes (from last year)
2 quarts frozen sweet corn (from last year)
2 quarts frozen Lima Beans (from last year)
2 quarts frozen green peas (from this year)
1 quart frozen yellow squash (from last year)
1 medium head of cabbage, sliced medium thin
1 quart of fresh carrots, course chop
1/4 c fresh parsley, course chop
3 tbsp salt
1 tbsp pepper
2 tsp garlic powder

  We used a 15 quart pot to make the soup. I added only enough water to get the pot up between the 14 and 15 quart mark. It will cook down to about the 12 quart level. We add everything to the pot and brought it to nearly boiling and simmered it for about 8 hours. Be sure to taste it at least at the halfway point to adjust any of the seasoning components. Stir it every now and then to keep the soup from scorching. If the soup does scorch, don't scrape the stuck bits on the bottom of the pot. This will contaminate the whole pot. Just transfer it to an appropriately sized container and clean the soup pot or use another one if you have it to spare. If you are going to eat it right away or freeze it then it should be ready to go.

  If you are going to can the soup here are a few things to remember:

• Don't add any starch components to the soup like pasta, potatoes or thickening agents. You can add these things when you heat the canned soup for consumption.
• You can cook the soup for 2 hours less because the canning time is 1.5 hours.
• Do this when you have enough time to can the soup after making it. We can only do 5 quarts at a time and since we canned 10 quarts total we had about 4 hours of canning time after making the soup. If time is tight, you can make the soup one night and store it in the refrigerator (after it cools) and then can it the next night. Just remember to get the soup back up to near boiling before jarring.

  We put ours in hot clean quart jars and processed them in a pressure canner for 90 minutes at 10 pounds pressure. This was the first time we canned it and we have sampled the final product and it is wonderful. We will definitely do this again!

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No Pectin Peach Jam

  Not much to say about this item except that it FREAKIN ROCKS and we are going to make more next year. This is good stuff. This may be my favorite thing out of all the items we canned this year. This was simple to do although, like the plum jam, it took some patience because we didn't add any pectin. I read through several recipes until I found a couple of pectin free versions. This is what we used:

Pectin Free Peach Jam (Makes 3 pints)

6 c peaches (pealed, pitted and finely chopped)

1/4 c lemon juice

3 c sugar

  We found using our food processor worked best for chopping the peaches. Combine peaches, lemon juice and sugar in an appropriate sized pot. Mix thoroughly. Bring to a boil and immediately lower the heat to medium low. We left it at this stage for 2 hours making sure to stir often. Skim any foam and discard. This was the part that took patience. You can certainly speed things up by using pectin. You could also raise the heat a little and stir almost constantly for 45 minutes to an hour. The Ball Blue Book explains the consistency to look for when a jam is ready to put in jars. This link explains it as well. We used the sheet method. Ladle into hot jars leaving 1/4 inch head space, seal and process in a boiling water canner for 15 minutes. Enjoy! :-)

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No Pectin Plum Jam

  A week or so ago I posted a couple of updates about a marathon canning session due to some free produce we acquired. Twenty four pints of plum jam are one of the fruits (pun intended) of our labor. I only made a few pints the first time around, but it came out so well we did twenty one more. Plum jam isn't something you hear about every day and quite frankly I am surprised. We are not big jam eaters here, but I can foresee several uses for this recipe beyond your typical pb&j application. Currently I am planning to use it as a base for a liqueur, barbecue sauce for pork ribs and glaze for roasted meats. We used the Damson Plum recipe out of the Ball Blue Book and as it turns out I believe these are actually Damson Plums, though I didn't know it at the time.

No Pectin Plum Jam (yields three pints)

5 c coarsely chopped plums

3 c sugar

1/2 c water

  We used our food processor to chop the plums. Combine plums, sugar, and water in a large saucepan. Bring to a boil slowly, stirring until the sugar is dissolved.. Cook rapidly to the gelling point. This takes about 30 to 40 minutes. Stir frequently to prevent scorching. Remove from heat and skim any foam. Ladle into hot jars, leaving 1/4 inch head space. Adjust two-piece caps. Process 15 minutes in a boiling-water canner.

  We changed two things. We used less water than the original recipe calls for because the cooking time is a little long and I processed my jars in a pressure canner for 10 minutes. By 'no pectin' I really mean no pectin added. Plums are naturally high in pectin and if you are patient, you don't need to add any. I prefer not to add anything besides simple ingredients to any of my food if not absolutely necessary.

  I haven't done anything with the jam yet, but you can bet it will show up in at least one recipe here at some point. Enjoy,

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Aunt Lib's Bread and Butter Pickles

  The continuing saga of the canning marathon. We canned twenty three quarts of bread and butter pickles. We used the Ball Blue Book recipe for the majority of our bread and butter pickles, but we have found a recipe we like better since then. This is the recipe we recommend:

Aunt Lib's Bread and Butter Pickles (about 4 quarts)

4 qts cucumbers, unpeeled

4 medium onions, sliced thin

3 c white vinegar

4-5 c sugar

1 1/4 tsp turmeric

1 tsp celery seed

2 tsp whole mustard seed

1/2 c canning salt for cucumber prep

ice for cucumber prep

   Combine cucumber and onion slices in a large bowl, layering with salt; cover with ice. Make sure the salt is mixed well throughout. Let sit for 3 hours. Rinse the cucumbers and onions well to get all the salt off. Combine vinegar, sugar, turmeric, celery seed and mustard seed into a pot. Bring to a boil. Add rinsed and drained cucumbers and onions. Continue cooking just until the cucumbers change color. Only a few minutes. Pack warm jars with the cucumbers and onions. Split the liquid between jars. The liquid should completely cover the cucumbers. Leave 1/4 inch of head space. Adjust two-piece caps. Process 15 minutes in a boiling-water canner. Enjoy!

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Fire Roasted Red Peppers

Roasted red peppers are another handy preparation to have around. We harvested these from the bucket garden and Mommasan had the great idea of roasting them, so on the grill they went. We hadn't done this before, so we have some wisdom to pass on. Cutting in half and coring was the only prep work we did. Getting the roasting part right is the tricky part. You want the peppers to lay as flat as possible with the skin side toward the heating surface. You can do these under your oven's broiler as well. The trick is getting every part of the skin blistered. If it isn't blistered everywhere then it will be tough to get all the skin off. The skin comes off very easily if it is blistered properly. If you are having a tough time getting the skins off put'em back on the grill. We had more than we could immediately use so I canned the remainder into half-pint jars for later.

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Gramma & Grampa's Pasta Sauce

This is a family recipe that I'll wager only family members will appreciate. It isn't a 15 generation Italian recipe that came to America on a boat. Nope, it was invented right here in the states by my Mother's parents and it was born out of the necessity to feed 6 children with what little money they had. I use the term recipe loosely because they didn't really follow a recipe when they made it. They just used whatever they could get their hands on and they put it all together in the same pot and cooked it for a long time. When it was ready it always had the same distinctive taste that still takes me back 35 years today. My mother, being the oldest, remembered many of the ingredients that were gathered to make the sauce, so it wasn't too difficult to recreate. Below is our rendition of this family recipe.

Gramma & Grampa's Pasta Sauce

10-12 quarts tomatoes, skinned and cored

1 large onion, chopped

24 oz tomato paste

2 lbs chicken hearts

2 lbs chicken gizzards

1 large pork bone or boney pork chop

1 chicken back or chicken thigh with the skin

10 cloves garlic, pressed

1/4 c salt

2 tbsp pepper

1/4 c sugar

1/2 c fresh oregano, chopped

1/4 c fresh parsley, chopped

1/2 c fresh basil, chopped

2 sprigs of rosemary

4 bay leaves

1/2 tbsp sage or poultry seasoning

3 tbsp extra virgin olive oil

Heat the oil in a 15 quart sauce pot. Add onions and pressed garlic to the pot to render the aromatics into the oil. This process should only take a few minutes. Do not scorch the garlic or onions. Add tomatoes. If using fresh tomatoes, crush them with your hands in the pot after they have been skinned and cored. We actually added 2 28oz cans of crushed tomatoes to the pot because we didn't have quite enough tomatoes from the garden. Fresh tomatoes are not a must and we used them because that is what we had. Add salt, pepper, sugar and herbs to the pot and bring to a boil. Stir often to avoid scorching. Lower heat and add all the meat and bones. Make sure you count the boney things that are added so you can fish them out later. Simmer uncovered for at least 8 hours and if using fresh tomatoes, at least 12 hours is needed. Stir at least every hour. The sauce will transform from a bright red runny mixture to a full bodied dark red sauce. When the sauce is done fish out the bones, bay leaves and rosemary sprigs(if you can find them).

If dried herbs are substituted, only use 1/3 the amount listed above. Most of the moisture has been removed from the dried herbs, so volumetrically they are not compatible. I would encourage everyone to use fresh herbs as often as possible, but I understand that isn't always easy.

As you can see from the picture, we decided to can this batch. The freezer tends to get crowded and with the new canner this became an option. We ended up with 10 quarts of sauce from a beginning volume of about 14 quarts. We'll see how it holds up. Enjoy! ;-)

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Mild Green Chile Sauce

The pepper plants are still cranking. As a matter of fact, there are probably enough peppers ready to pick for another batch by now. Green chile sauce comes in handy for all sorts of things, so a few jars will definitely get used over the next 8 months or so. I never made this before, so I got on the internet and read how others do it and this is what I came up with:

Mild Green Chile Sauce

25 Jalepeno peppers

10 green Cowhorn peppers

15 green Cayenne peppers

10 Hungarian Wax peppers

13 dried chinese hot peppers, divided

10 cloves garlic

2 tbsp salt

1 tsp black pepper

1 large red tomato

2 small red bell peppers

1 yellow bell pepper

1 tbsp olive oil

4 c distilled vinegar

De-stem all the peppers. Also de-seed the bell peppers. Process all ingredients except olive oil, vinegar and 8 dried chinese peppers in a food processor. Heat oil in a 4 quart or larger pot and add processed ingredients and vinegar. Bring to a boil and then lower heat and simmer for several hours. I started with about 6 pints of material and ended up with  4 pints. I added 2 dried chinese hot peppers to each pint and canned the result according to the Ball Blue book.

This recipe was driven by the produce gathered from my bucket garden. Any mixture of ingredients similar to this will result in a similar product. Use what you have. The resulting product was fairly mild, so I added 2 dried chinese hot peppers to each pint before canning, to add a little heat. Enjoy! :-)

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Canned Peaches

  A friend called on a Sunday afternoon around 2pm and said he had peaches for me and that they were a little on the ripe side and would need processed as soon as possible. Well, I guess it was time to learn how to can peaches! Fortunately when I picked up the pressure canner I got more jars and the Ball Blue Book which comes highly recommended by the way. I got mine for $2.99 at my local country store. It is well worth the info inside. Especially if you are a beginner like myself. I got the peaches home at 6pm and we had 7 quarts cooling on the counter by 9pm. Not too bad for the first time. 7 quarts may not seem like much, but each jar holds between 25 and 30 peach halves.

  We blanched the peaches in batches of about 10 to slip the skins off, sliced them in half, scooped the pit and reddish flesh out and submersed them in a lemon water ice bath until canning time. The lemon did a good job of keeping the peaches nice and bright. There weren't instructions for pressure canning the peaches so I used the time for water bath processing instead. The blue book recommends a 30 minute time for the boiling water bath processing method and I later read that 10 minutes is sufficient in pressure canner, so I will remember that for next time. I tasted them for the first time last night and I thought they were pretty good. I highly recommend canning whatever you'll eat. It is satisfying and you have control over what goes in the jar. :-)

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New Pressure Canner

So I have a few canning session under my belt and I decided to get a pressure canner. Actually, as I am writing this blog I am canning Gramma and Grampa's pasta sauce. Little pressure noises are eminating from the kitchen. I went to my favorite kitchen gadget store and priced this 22 quart model at around $100. I also noticed their Ball jars were about $3 dollars more than the country store where I grew up, so I left there and made my way south and was rewarded with a $20 savings on the pressure canner at the country store. Kaching! This should provide some more blogging material. Hasta.

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Refrigerator Pickled Hot Peppers

This started out as more of an experiment than anything because of the shear number of hot peppers my plants are producing. I was afraid they would go to waste if I didn't find something to do with them. I like pickled hot pepper rings, so I thought I would try to make my own. Note: This process is not suitable for storing the jars outside of a refrigerator.

Refrigerator Pickled Hot Peppers

2 medium cucumbers sliced lengthwise and halved to fit in the jars

5 pints mixed hot peppers

8 c distilled vinegar

8 c water

1 c pickling salt

16 whole cloves garlic peeled

8 tsp whole peppercorns

8 tsp dried onion

4 tsp dried dill

8 pint canning jars with lids

ice

The trick to crunchy pickles is an ice bath before jarring. The cucumbers were cut into spears and sized to fit in the pint jars. The peppers were cut into rings where appropriate and long skinny peppers were cut to fit in the pint jars longwise. We used Cowhorn, Jalepeno, Cayenne and Hungarian Wax peppers. Once the peppers and cucumbers were cut and sized, they all went in to a pot slightly bigger than the volume of the vegetables and were covered with ice. Add enough water so that icy water covers all the vegetables. Leave in the ice bath for 2 hours. Add more ice if needed.

All jars and lids should be cleaned and sanitized. Boiling water can be used to sanitize. At about the 1.5 hour mark line the jars up and in each one add 2 cloves garlic, 1 tsp peppercorns, 1 tsp dried onion and 1/2 tsp dried dill. Combine the vinegar, water and pickling salt in a sauce pot and bring it to a boil. Drain ice and water off the peppers and cucumbers and begin to pack them into the jars leaving 3/4 of an inch space at the top. Put a wide mouthed canning funnel in the first jar and ladel enough of the boiling brine into the jar to cover the vegetables but leaving 1/2 inch of space at the top. Immediatly put a lid on the jar. Follow this process for each jar. After a few hours of cooling, the lids should all have 'popped' in. Check each one to make sure they have formed a vacuum seal. After about 8 hours they should be cool enough to store in your refrigerator.

I was very pleasantly surprised by the flavor and crunchy texture of the pickled goodies. I only waited 2 days before sampling the first jar and I thought they were pretty good. I will be trying this technique on some other vegetables as well. If I had it to do over I would use bigger jars because the pint jars were a little too fiddly trying to pack enough stuff in to each one. From the information available on the internet it looks like these sealed jars should keep in the refrigerator for 6 months.

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